clarinsi4ai

Lexical and knowledge resources

← Overview · Part of CLARIN.SI resources for AI development · Data as of 22 October 2026

Slovenian is unusually well covered by open, machine-readable lexical data: a 372k-lemma morphological lexicon (Sloleks 3.1), two wordnets, a 102k-entry thesaurus and a 78k-entry collocation dictionary, all under CC BY-SA or more permissive licences. For AI work these resources seed instruction and QA data (as in SloLexQA), support lexical probes and benchmarks (as in SYNDIST and COLLDIST), ground generation through retrieval, and help evaluate tokenisers and morphology.

119 downloadable lexical resources cover Slovenian; Croatian has 10, Serbian 6

A multilingual resource counts once for each of its languages.

Sections: Dictionaries and lexical databases · Morphological and phonological lexicons · Semantic, collocation and sentiment lexicons · Terminology · Frequency lists and n-grams · ELEXIS dictionaries

Dictionaries and lexical databases

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
List of Slovenian headwords 1.1 sl 354.2k entries CC BY-NC 2006
Dictionary of Lesser Used Slovenian Words sl 178.5k entries CC BY 2017
Reverse dictionary of Slovenian language sl 115.4k entries CC BY 1996
Slovenian-German Dictionary of Maks Pleteršnik (1894-1895) sl, de 103.2k entries CC BY 2006
Franček portal headword list sl 100k entries CC BY 2021
Dictionary of the Slovenian Normative Guide (2001) sl 92.6k entries CC BY-NC-ND 2019
Comprehensive Slovenian-Hungarian Dictionary 3.0 sl, hu 19k entries CC BY-SA 2026
Franček portal historical module sl 41.9k entries CC BY 2021
Lexicon of historical Slovene imp25k 1.1 sl 28k entries CC BY 2014
Words of the 16th-Century Slovenian Literary Language sl 27.8k entries CC BY 2011
Slovene-Japanese Learner’s Dictionary sloJa 1.1 sl, ja 10k items CC BY 2025
List of Slovenian pseudowords sl 17.2k entries CC BY 2026
Japanese-Slovene learner’s dictionary jaSlo 3.1 ja, sl 9.9k entries CC BY-SA 2016
Dictionary of the Slovenian Language in the Works of Janez Svetokriški sl 8.5k entries CC BY 2006
Dictionary of New Slovenian Words sl 6.4k entries CC BY 2012
Dictionary of living Slovenian “Razvezani Jezik” (The Unleashed Tongue) sl 5.8k entries CC BY 2020
Core vocabulary for Slovenian as L2 1.0 sl 5.3k entries ACA (BY-NC) 2022
Reference List of Slovene Frequent Common Words sl 4.8k entries CC BY 2020
List of potentially non-standard vocabulary candidates MEZZANINE-NstdLex 1.1 sl 4.3k words CC BY-SA 2026
Dictionary of Slovenian Phrasemes sl 3k entries CC BY-NC 2011
The “Arcticae horulae” dictionary of German borrowings in Slovenian sl, de 2.1k entries CC BY 2020
Dictionary of Twitterese Janes-Dict 1.0 sl 1k entries CC BY-SA 2018
A1 core vocabulary with lexical information for Slovenian 1.0 sl, en, hu, sq 991 entries CC BY-NC-SA 2023
Dictionary of Slovenian phrasemes: school edition sl 985 entries CC BY 2021
Franček portal dialect module sl 834 entries CC BY 2021
Dictionary of Slovenian Particles sl 429 entries CC BY 2015
List of single-word male and female occupations in Slovenian sl 234 entries CC BY 2020
eSSKJ: Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language 2016 sl 90 entries CC BY-NC-ND 2016
eSSKJ: Dictionary of the Slovenian standard language (phraseological database): school edition sl 84 entries CC BY 2021
Slovene Grammars and Orthographic Dictionaries sl 51 entries CC BY 2015
Growing Dictionary of the Slovenian Language sl – CC BY-NC-ND 2014
School dictionary of Slovenian language (human audio recordings) sl 2.1k files CC BY 2021
Genus (proximum) in the SSKJ2 dictionary senses sl – CC BY 2026
The Croatian web dictionary Mrežnik (A-F) 1.0 hr 1.6k entries CC BY-NC-ND 2021
List of headword candidates for the Dutch-Slovene Dictionary nl-sl-Lex 1.0 nl 60.8k entries CC BY-SA 2026

Morphological and phonological lexicons

Slovenian, including multilingual resources with Slovenian

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
MULTEXT-East free lexicons 4.0 10 languages 3.7M entries CC BY-SA 2010
Beseda Corpus Lemmatisation Lexicon sl 3.2M entries CC BY 2017
Automatically stress labelled morphological lexicon Sloleks 1.2, version 1.1 sl 2.8M words CC BY-NC-SA 2018
Morphological Lexicon of Slovene Sloleks 3.1 sl 372.3k entries CC BY-SA 2026
Dataset of Annotated Slovene Words with Pre-Consonant L ILS 1.0 sl 173.4k words CC BY-SA 2024
Morphological lexicon Franček sl 96.4k entries CC BY 2022
Morphological patterns from the Sloleks 2.0 lexicon 1.0 sl 96.3k units CC BY-SA 2020
List of word relations from the Sloleks 2.0 lexicon 1.1 sl 66.3k entries CC BY-SA 2024
Lists of Slovene accentuated units SNES 1.0 sl 24.2k entries CC BY-SA 2024
Dataset of Slovene word formation trees ArboSloleks 1.0 sl 14.9k items CC BY-SA 2024
Database of the Western South Slavic Verb HyperVerb 2.0 – WeSoSlav 5 languages 8.3k entries CC BY 2024
Slovene morphological segmentation and word formation dataset KOBOS sl 1.9k entries CC BY 2026
Database of the Western South Slavic Verb HyperVerb – Derivation 5 languages – CC BY-SA 2023
Overview of inflectional paradigms in Slovenian sl – CC BY 2024

Other languages

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
Inflectional lexicon srLex 1.3 sr 169.3k entries CC BY-SA 2019
Inflectional lexicon hrLex 1.3 hr 164.2k entries CC BY-SA 2019
MULTEXT-East non-commercial lexicons 4.0 5 languages 2.3M entries MULTEXT-East (NC) 2010

Semantic, collocation and sentiment lexicons

Slovenian, including multilingual resources with Slovenian

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
Concreteness and imageability lexicon MEGA.HR-Crossling 77 languages 7.2M entries CC BY-SA 2018
List of Linked Senses from Open Slovene WordNet and the Digital Dictionary Database of Slovene 1.0 sl 164.9k units CC BY 2023
Thesaurus of Modern Slovene 2.2 sl 102.1k entries CC BY-SA 2026
Open Slovene WordNet OSWN 1.0 sl, en 95.3k synsets CC BY-SA 2023
Slovene sentiment lexicon KSS 1.1 sl 90.6k words CC BY 2017
Slovenian datasets for contextual synonym and antonym detection sl 79.2k entries CC BY-SA 2022
Collocations Dictionary of Modern Slovene KSSS 2.2 sl 78k entries CC BY-SA 2026
Automatically constructed multiword lexicon slMWELex v0.5 sl 47.6k entries CC BY 2015
Semantic lexicon of Slovene sloWNet 3.1 sl, en 43.5k synsets CC BY-SA 2015
Slovenian Semantic Lexicon sloWNet-USAS 1.0 sl 41.1k entries CC BY-SA 2024
Word association norms for Slovenian SWOW-SL 1.0 sl 19.9k entries CC BY-NC-ND 2024
Slovene sentiment lexicon JOB 1.0 sl 25.5k entries CC BY-SA 2017
Slovenian Emotion Dimension and Emotion Association Lexicon SloEmoLex 1.0 sl 20k entries CC BY-NC-SA 2024
Valency lexicon extracted from the Gigafida 2.1 corpus sl 14.6k entries CC BY-SA 2021
The LiLaH Emotion Lexicon of Croatian, Dutch and Slovene hr, nl, sl 14.2k entries CC BY-NC-SA 2020
Multiword Expressions lexicon extracted from the Gigafida 2.1 corpus sl 5.2k entries CC BY-SA 2021
Slovene lexical database 1.0 sl 2.5k entries CC BY-NC-SA 2013
School dictionary of Slovenian language (semantic database) sl 2k entries CC BY 2021
eSSKJ collocations 1.0 sl 2k entries CC BY-SA 2023
eSSKJ: Dictionary of the Slovenian standard language (semantic database): school edition sl 1.6k entries CC BY 2021
Slovenian Word Associations with Explanations WAX-sl sl 1.3k items CC BY-SA 2026
Ontology of topics for Slovenian as a second and foreign language ONTEM 1.0 sl, en 1k entries CC BY-NC-SA 2025
Emoji Sentiment Ranking 1.0 13 languages 751 entries CC BY-SA 2015
Collocation lexicon of Slovene academic discourse Aleks sl 463 entries CC BY 2019
Slovene ontology of semantic types for nouns SLONEST-noun 1.0 sl 271 entries CC BY-SA 2020
Annotated collocation candidates for three common syntactic structures in Slovene sl – CC BY-SA 2023

Other languages

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
Automatically constructed multiword lexicon hrMWELex v0.5 hr 43.7k entries CC BY 2015
Automatically constructed multiword lexicon srMWELex v0.5 sr 22.3k entries CC BY 2015
Croatian SenseGraph 1.0 hr 649 words CC BY-SA 2018

Terminology

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
English-Slovene term candidates KAS-biterm 1.0 sl, en 133.7k entries CC BY 2020
Terminological multiword expressions lexicon sl 42.9k entries CC BY-SA 2023
Terminology identification dataset KAS-term 1.0 sl 22.9k entries CC BY-SA 2018
Geographical Terminological Dictionary sl 8.9k entries CC BY-NC-ND 2019
Terminological dictionary of papermaking sl, en, de, fr 4.4k entries CC BY 2025
TermFrame: Terms, definitions and semantic annotations for karstology en, sl, hr 2.3k entries CC BY 2021
Lexical database of Slovene PR terminology TERMIS sl 2k entries CC BY 2017
Slovenian-English glossary of education sl, en 1k terms CC BY 2022
Slovenian Social Assistance Rights Terminology SSAR-TERM 1.0 sl 983 terms CC BY-SA 2026
Terminological dictionary of tax terminology sl, hr, en 972 entries CC BY 2022
The Dictionary of the Clothing Terminology of the Zilja Dialect in Canale Valley (Kanalska dolina – Val Canale – Kanaltal – Valcjanâl) sl 594 entries CC BY 2019
Terminological dictionary of artificial intelligence sl, en 413 terms CC BY 2022
Glossary for academic integrity sl, en, de 212 terms CC BY 2022
Military dictionary by students of defence studies sl, en 192 items CC BY 2014
English-Slovenian chess terminology database 1.0 en, sl 77 entries CC BY-SA 2022
Terminological dictionary of electronic smoking sl, en 91 terms CC BY 2019
Glossary of equestrianism sl, en 57 terms CC BY 2019

Frequency lists and n-grams

These resources are derived from Gigafida, Gos, Trendi, Janes, KRES, Šolar and Učbeniki. For AI work they mainly help with tokeniser design, vocabulary coverage checks and data filtering.

Resource Languages Size Licence Year
Frequency list of words from the Trendi corpus 2021 sl 4.9M entries CC BY-SA 2022
Frequency lists of syntactic structures from the Učbeniki 1.0 corpus sl 4.8M entries CC BY-SA 2025
Nova Beseda Frequency Lexicon sl 2.3M entries CC BY 2017
Frequency list of words by source from the Trendi corpus 2022-07 sl 2M entries CC BY-SA 2022
Frequency lists of syntactic structures from the Šolar 3.0 corpus sl 1.9M entries CC BY-SA 2025
Frequency list of collocations from the Učbeniki 1.0 corpus sl 701.9k entries CC BY-SA 2025
Frequency list of collocations from the Šolar 3.0 corpus sl 256.3k entries CC BY-SA 2025
Frequency list of language problems from Šolar 3.0 sl 36.6k entries CC BY-NC-SA 2022
Frequency list of textbook vocabulary by level of education in elementary and secondary schools sl 11.9k words CC BY-NC-SA 2023
Keywords and n-grams from a textbook corpus sl 6k words CC BY 2019
Gos corpus n-grams 2.0 sl – CC BY-SA 2018
IMP corpus n-grams 2.0 sl – CC BY-SA 2018
Janes corpus n-grams 1.0 sl – CC BY-SA 2018
Kres corpus n-grams 2.0 sl – CC BY-SA 2018
Frequency lists of character-level n-grams from the GOS 1.0 corpus 1.1 sl 15 files CC BY-SA 2020
Frequency lists of words from the GOS 1.0 corpus 1.1 sl – CC BY-SA 2020
Frequency lists of word parts from the GOS 1.0 corpus 1.1 sl 390 files CC BY-SA 2020
Frequency lists of word-level n-grams from the GOS 1.0 corpus 1.1 sl 23 files CC BY-SA 2020
Frequency lists of character-level n-grams from the Gigafida 2.0 corpus sl – CC BY-SA 2019
Frequency lists of words from the Gigafida 2.0 corpus sl – CC BY-SA 2019
Frequency lists of word-level n-grams from the Gigafida 2.0 corpus sl – CC BY-SA 2019
Frequency lists of word parts from the Gigafida 2.0 corpus sl – CC BY-SA 2019
List of formulaic sequences in spoken Slovenian sl – CC BY-SA 2020
List of formulaic sequences in standard written Slovenian sl – CC BY-SA 2020
Consonant-vowel structures in the Gigafida 2.0 corpus sl – CC BY-SA 2020
Consonant-vowel structures in the GOS 1.0 corpus 1.1 sl – CC BY-SA 2020
Frequency lists of collocations from the Gigafida 2.1 corpus sl 82 files CC BY-SA 2021
Frequency lists of word-level n-grams from the Trendi corpus 2021 sl 4 files CC BY-SA 2022
Syntactic Tree Inventories from Slovenian UD Corpora (v2.15) sl – CC BY 2025
Syntactic Tree Inventories from English GUM UD Corpus (v2.15) en – CC BY 2025

ELEXIS dictionaries

134 records describe dictionaries contributed to the ELEXIS project in 61 languages; the most frequent are French (22), English (21), German (20), Slovenian (16), Serbian (13), Danish (12) and Lithuanian (11). None of these records has files or a licence in the repository: the data is hosted elsewhere, and access goes through each provider. The full list is in the spreadsheet.


Other stages: Pre-training data · Speech and multimodal data · Post-training data · Evaluation and benchmarks · Lexical and knowledge resources · Models and tools